Actinic Keratoses
Actinic keratoses are rough, scaly patches on sun-damaged skin considered precancerous. A small percentage can progress to squamous cell carcinoma.
Symptoms
Rough, sandpaper-textured patches on sun-exposed areas -- face, scalp, ears, forearms, hands. Often easier to feel than see. May be pink, red, or skin-colored.
Causes and risk
Cumulative UV exposure is the primary cause. Fair skin, sunburn history, outdoor occupations, older age, and immunosuppression are major risk factors.
How it is evaluated
Clinical and dermoscopic diagnosis. Biopsy for hypertrophic, tender, or rapidly growing lesions to rule out SCC.
Treatment
Cryotherapy for isolated lesions. Field therapy with 5-fluorouracil, imiquimod, or photodynamic therapy for widespread damage. Our Chicago team recommends ongoing sun protection.