Rosacea
Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory condition causing facial redness, visible blood vessels, and acne-like bumps. It most commonly affects fair-skinned adults over 30.
Symptoms
Persistent central facial redness, flushing, visible small blood vessels, papules and pustules, and possible skin thickening on the nose. Eye dryness and burning may occur.
Causes and risk
Vascular instability, immune dysregulation, and Demodex mite overgrowth. Triggers include sun, heat, alcohol, spicy foods, and stress. Fair skin and family history increase susceptibility.
How it is evaluated
Diagnosis is clinical. We classify by subtype -- erythematotelangiectatic, papulopustular, phymatous, or ocular -- to guide therapy. Biopsy is rarely needed.
Treatment
Trigger avoidance and daily sunscreen are foundational. Topical metronidazole, azelaic acid, or ivermectin reduce inflammation. Brimonidine gel temporarily reduces redness. Our Chicago team tailors treatment to subtype.