Panic Disorder
Panic disorder involves recurrent, unexpected panic attacks and ongoing worry about future episodes.
Symptoms
Rapid heartbeat, chest tightness, shortness of breath, dizziness, trembling, and a sense of impending doom.
Causes and risk
Genetics, stress, major life transitions, and history of anxiety or trauma.
How it is evaluated
Attack frequency, triggers, avoidance behaviors, and ruling out medical causes such as thyroid or cardiac issues.
Treatment
CBT with exposure techniques, medication, breathing retraining, and gradual reduction of avoidance.